Common Sense Health: Statins, side effects and the silence about choice

By Diana Gifford-Jones on February 20, 2026.

There’s a common organizational saying: structure drives behaviour. In institutional theory, it’s called path dependence. Once a structure or pattern is established, it becomes self-reinforcing. This is a problem in medicine. Researchers and specialists become deeply immersed in their own areas of expertise. They network within tight knowledge clusters. They protect their territory. And when they train recruits, they filter out possible solutions to problems before deliberation even begins.

This is the story – or an important part of a complex story – of the commitment by so many experts to statins in the treatment of heart disease.

A large meta-analysis recently published in The Lancet and reported in the British Medical Journal concludes that most of the side effects listed in statin leaflets – memory loss, depression, fatigue, sleep disturbance, erectile dysfunction – occur no more often in those taking the drug than in those taking a placebo. Regulators are now considering changes to product labels. Experts speak of “powerful reassurance.” We are told confusion has gone on long enough.

But here’s the question: reassurance for whom?

I am not lambasting the research. Randomized trials involving more than 120,000 participants deserve respect. If the data show that many feared side effects are less common than thought, then provide consumers with that information.

What I object to is the triumphal tone and the relentless march toward medicating ever larger swaths of the population without an equally forceful message about personal responsibility and informed choice – choice that includes information on treatment options that go beyond pharmaceutical drugs.

Seven to eight million adults in the UK already take statins. If guidelines are followed to the letter, that number could climb to 15 million.

And what is the public message?

Not: “Let’s first talk about your waistline, your diet, your blood pressure, your exercise habits, your smoking.”

Not: “Let’s see what happens if you walk briskly for 30 minutes a day.”

Not: “There are safe, effective, natural alternatives to the drugs.”

Instead, it is: “Don’t worry. The pills are safer than you think.”

That is not prevention. It’s pharmacological management.

Doctors complain that “negative publicity” has led patients to refuse statins or stop taking them. They suggest that switching between different statins reinforces “misinformation.” But perhaps patients are not irrational. Perhaps they are wary. And in today’s pharmaceutical marketplace, where billions are at stake, wariness is not a character flaw.

When a study funded by a major heart foundation reassures us that side effects are minimal and uptake should increase, skepticism is healthy. Not cynical. Healthy.

Yes, cardiovascular disease is a leading killer. Yes, lowering LDL cholesterol reduces risk. But medicine has drifted from treating disease to treating risk scores. The new threshold recommends considering statins for people with less than a 10% ten-year risk of cardiovascular disease. Think about that. We are medicating people who are, statistically speaking, unlikely to have an event in the first place.

And what do we tell them about the other levers they can pull?

Lifestyle changes can reduce cardiovascular risk by 30%, 40%, sometimes more. Weight loss lowers blood pressure and improves blood sugar. Exercise raises HDL cholesterol and reduces inflammation. A Mediterranean-style diet lowers cardiovascular events.

But lifestyle medicine takes time. It requires conversation, follow-up, and motivation. A prescription takes 30 seconds.

The pharmaceutical industry thrives on expanding definitions of risk and broadening treatment thresholds. That is the business model. But physicians are not supposed to be extensions of that model. They are supposed to be educators and advocates.

When the dominant message is “don’t worry, just take the pill,” they fail in that role.

This column offers opinions on health and wellness, not personal medical advice. Visit http://www.docgiff.com to learn more. For comments, diana@docgiff.com. Follow on Instagram @diana_gifford_jones

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